8 Chemical Purity Testing Procedure: Easy Titration Method

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Chemical Purity Testing

Many kinds of chemicals are used in the textile industry, especially in the dyeing sector. But, nowadays, it is challenging to get pure chemicals. So, textile industries especially in textile dyeing factories are following some chemical purity testing procedure. From the chemical’s quality test procedure, people gest a minimum idea about the purity of the chemical. Because chemical quality impact in the subsequence process. sometimes desired results don’t arrive owing to the purity of the chemical. so, It is necessary to know chemical’s quality test procedures who are interested in working in a textile dyeing factory or chemical supplier company or starting a chemical business. In this article, 8 important chemical quality testing procedures is described with calculation. From this article, one can learn how to check the quality of chemicals.

Chemical Purity Testing Method

There are lots of method available for chemical purity testing. But in this article, titration method will be used for chemical purity testing.

1. Concentration of H₂O₂

The titration method is used to test the concentration of H₂O₂ . H₂O₂ solution is titrated with standard permanganate solution. Beside, sulphuric acid (H₂SO₄) is also used (1:4).

Testing Procedure

• Initially, a sample that contains no more than 0.06 gm of H₂O₂ is weighed.
• Now, Dilute this peroxide sample by using 50 ml of distilled water and added 10 ml H₂SO₄ (1:4).
• Subsequently, take this solution into a conical flax for quality testing of the H₂O₂.
• Next, titrate with 0.1 (N) KMnO₄ till the solution becomes pink color.

Calculation of Chemical Quality Testing

The following formula is used to test the concentration percentage of H₂O₂.

• Concentration percentage of H₂O₂= (volume of KMnO₄×0.1×0.017×100) ÷ Sample weight in gm

N.B.: 45-50% is a standard value for specific textile processing

2. Concentration of Caustic Soda (NaOH)

NaOH is titrated with standard HCl solution to calculate the concentration of caustic soda. Phenolpthelene is used as indicator.

Testing Procedure

• Initially, 8.3 ml HCl is added in 100 ml distilled water.
• Now, dilute 4 gm caustic soda in 100 ml water.
• Subsequently, take 10 ml of caustic soda solution in a beaker. Then, add 2-3 drops of phenolpthelene indicator.
• Finally, titrate with 1 (N) HCl from burette.

Calculation

The following formula is used to measure the concentration of caustic soda.

• Concentration percentage of caustic soda= Burette reading × 10

N.B.: 90-100% is standard value for specific textile processing.

3. Concentration of Soda Ash (Na₂CO₃)

Na₂CO₃ is titrated with standard HCl solution to calculate the concentration of caustic soda. Methyl orange is used as indicator.

Testing Procedure

• Initially, 5.3 gm soda ash dilute in 100 ml water
• Now, take 10 ml of that soda solution and add 10 ml distilled water to make 20 ml solution.
• Subsequently, add 2-3 drops of Methyl Orange indicator in that solution of the beaker
• Finally, titrate with 1 (N) HCl from burette.

Calculation

The following formula is used to measure the concentration of soda ash.

• Concentration percentage of soda ash= Burette reading × 10

N.B.: 80-100% is the standard value for specific textile processing.

4. Concentration of Hydrochloric Acid (HCl)

HCl is titrated with the standard NaOH solution to test the concentration percentage. Additionally, phenolpthelene is used as an indicator.

Testing Procedure

• At beginning, take 10 ml HCl and weight it in gm. Then make the 10 ml HCl in 1000 ml solution with distilled water in a volumetric flask.
• Now, take 25 ml of that solution in a conical flask and add 2-3 drops of phenolpthelene indicator.
• At the final stage, titrate with 1 (N) NaOH from burette.

Calculation

To test the concentration percentage of hydrochloric acid (HCl), the following formula is used.

• Concentration percentage of HCl= ( Burette reading×0.1×0.365×400) ÷ sample weight

N.B.: Required standard for specific textile processing is 37%

5. Concentration of Acetic Acid (CH₃COOH)

CH₃COOH is titrated with a standard NaOH solution, and phenolpthelene is used as an indicator to calculate the concentration percentage of CH₃COOH.

Testing Procedure

• At first, 6.0 gm acetic acid is taken and dissolve in 100 ml distilled water.
• Now, take 10 ml of that acid solution in a beaker and add 2-3 drops of indicator ( phenolpthelene).
• Finally, titrate the solution with 1 (N) NaOH from burette.

Calculation

Below the mentioned formula to calculate the centration percentage of acetic acid (CH₃COOH).

• Concentration percentage of acetic acid= burette reading ×10

N.B.: Standard value for specific textile processing is 90%-100%

6. Concentration of Oxalic Acid

Oxalic acid is titrated with a standard NaOH solution, and phenolpthelene is used as an indicator to calculate the concentration percentage of oxalic acid.

Testing Procedure

• At first, 6.3 gm oxalic acid is taken and dissolve in 100 ml distilled water.
• Now, take 10 ml of that acid solution in a conical flask and add 2-3 drops of indicator ( phenolpthelene).
• Finally, titrate the solution with 1 (N) NaOH from burette.

Calculation

Below the mentioned formula to calculate the centration percentage of oxalic acid

• Concentration percentage of oxalic acid= burette reading ×10

N.B.: Standard value for specific textile processing is as a required

7. Concentration of Sulphuric Acid (H₂SO₄)

Sulphuric Acid (H₂SO₄) is titrated with a standard NaOH solution, and phenolpthelene is used as an indicator to calculate the concentration percentage of Sulphuric Acid (H₂SO₄).

Testing Procedure

• At first, 10 gm Sulphuric Acid (H₂SO₄) is taken and dissolve in 100 ml distilled water.
• Now, take 10 ml of that acid solution in a conical flask and add 2-3 drops of indicator ( phenolpthelene).
• Finally, titrate the solution with 1 (N) NaOH from burette.

Calculation

Below the mentioned formula to calculate the centration percentage of Sulphuric Acid (H₂SO₄).

• Concentration percentage of Sulphuric Acid = burette reading ×0.049×100×1

N.B.: Standard value for specific textile processing is 90%-100%

8. Sodium Chloride (NaCl)/ Glauber Salt (Na₂SO₄.10H₂O)

Testing Procedure

• At first, weight a dried beaker. Let’s weight of dried beaker is “X”
• Now, Take 10 gm salt in that beaker and dissolve it in 50 ml distilled water.
• Subsequently, filter this solution to separate the solidified matters.
• Then, take this solution in a beaker and evaporate it.
• Finally, take the weight of the beaker with sediments. Lets now weight of the beaker is “Y”
  • Purity%= {(Y-X)÷10}×100
• N.B.: Standard for specific textile processing is as required

Conclusion

Check the quality of chemicals is most important for textile industries. Chemical quality testing is a process that is used to analyze the chemical in aspect to purity. Immorality of chemicals result in undesired result. So, check the quality of chemicals before purchase the chemicals. However, in this article, titration method is used for chemical purity testing procedure.

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