Introduction:
Blow rooms are the first working zones in short staple spinning. Blow room First and foremost, in this zone, fibers are subjected to enormous mechanical loads. The blow room is an important section of short staple spinning from the point of view of technology. Blowing rooms involve opening and cleaning as their basic operations. The opening process breaks up the fiber mass into tufts. An opening is the process of disengaging compressed fiber packages into individual fibers. Essentially, opening is the process of separating fibers from a fiber package by releasing their adhesion and converting them into smaller fiber packages. Cleaning is another operation of blow rooms. Cleaning is defined as the method or action by which impurities are separated and removed from fibers by releasing the adhesion of impurities to the fibers.
Objectives:
- To know about basic operation of blow room.
- To know different component name that are used in blow room.
- Come to learn different component function that are used in blow room.
Apparatus of Blow Room
All components of a blow room line can be classified into three categories. They are:
- Feeding Apparatus.
- Opening Apparatus.
- Grid Bar.
1. Feeding Apparatus:
The material is fed into the opening rollers of an opening machine either free-flight or clamped. Free flight requires only a drop chute, suction pipe or vortex transport from rollers; clamped feed requires special machine components. Feed devices can be distinguished according to whether they include;
a. Two interacting clamping cylinder.
b. A feed roller and a feed table.
c. A feed roller and pedals.
a. Two interacting clamping cylinder:
There is no doubt that operating with two clamping cylinders results in the best forward motion, but unfortunately it also results in the greatest clamping distance(a) between the cylinders and the beating elements.
b. A feed roller and a feed table:
The clamping distance (a) can be very small in a device with a feed roller and table. The result is intensive opening. However, the roller does not clamp over the whole width, as it presses only on the highest points of the web. It is possible for the beaters to pull clumps out of thin spots in the web as a result of thin spots.
c. A feed roller and pedals:
There are many sections in the pedal table, each of which presses the web against the roller individually, e.g. by spring pressure. It provides secure clamping with a relatively short clamping distance(a). For a feed system, only types of clamping, especially clamping distances to opening elements, can influence opening and cleaning.
2. Opening Apparatus:
There are some blow room machines that only have operating devices for opening and closing. However, most of them work with cleaning apparatus such as grids, etc., and therefore function as cleaning units. As a result, they are designed to function in both opening and cleaning machines. Depending on their design construction, adjustment, etc., these assemblies greatly influence the whole process as follows:
3. Grid Bar:
The grid bar is used as the operating device. Final analysis, the gird or grid-like structure under the opening assembly determines the level of waste and its composition in terms of impurities and good fibers. Grids are segment-shaped devices that are located under opening assemblies. The segments are made up of several polygonal bars or blades connected by a trough. In most cases, the grid encircles at least 14, at most 34, and in some cases it covers only 1/3 or 14%. As a result of the grid, the cleaning effect is greatly influenced by:
- The section of the bars.
- The grasping effect of the edges of the polygonal bars.
- The setting angle of the bars relative to the opening elements.
- The width of the gaps between the bars.
The following elements can be used in the grid:
- Slotted sheets(a): poor cleaning.
- Perforated sheets(b): poor cleaning.
- Triangular section bars(c): the most widely used grid bars.
- Angle bars(d): some what weak.
- Blades(e): strong and effective.
Conclusion:
Even extraction, gentle opening, and the smallest tuft are the technical requirements Size, maximum bales, universality, start blending, allow the fiber to blend from several different types of fiber. For the blow room to achieve its goals, the importance of different apparatus and their functions cannot be overstated. From this experiment, we came learn different apparatus name and their function. Thanks to our teacher to help us.
References:
- Chowdhury, M. F. (2016). Manual of Short Staple Spinning . Dhaka: Granthanir Prokashoni.
- Klein, W. (2019). The Rieter Manual of Spinning. Switzerland: Rieter Machine Works Ltd.
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