Operating Zone in Blow Room is Described Easy Way

July 1, 2023 by Kazi Md. Rashedul Islam

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Introduction:

During the preparation of raw materials for further processing, the operating zone within the blow room plays a crucial role. The fiber material is carefully handled in this zone to ensure its cleanliness, uniformity, and suitability for subsequent steps. The zone comprises a range of machinery and equipment that work in tandem to achieve these objectives. You will find bale openers, pre-cleaners, and fine cleaners in this zone, each with a specific purpose. Bale openers meticulously separate fibers from bales, ensuring smooth transition into production lines. Pre-cleaners are used to enhance fiber quality by removing impurities such as dust, dirt, and other unwanted particles. As a result, the fiber material is cleaned and refined further by fine cleaners, which eliminate remaining impurities.

Operating Zone in Blow Room:

There are various operation zones in the blow room and these can be classified as following:

According to sequence of operation:

Today the less number of beating points are used and blow room consist of following zone. According to sequence of operation blow room operative zone can be divided as follows:

Opening zone
Protective cleaning zone
Coarse cleaning and opening zone
Blending zone
Intensive fine cleaning zone
Foreign part separator
Dust cleaning zone
Card feed zone.

According to Type of Operation:

The operating zone in the blow room basis on type of operation carried out can be grouped as follows:

Opening zone-without beater: spinning mill receive the fiber in the form of bale, in which fiber be with very high compression and to process this material to the next process it should be open out. In this zone, only opening operation is performed Automatic Bale Opener.
Opening and cleaning zone-with beater: the incoming bales contain natural impurities along with foreign material and therefore, the fiber tuft should be cleaned. Opening and cleaning operation both are performed simultaneously in this zone by the combination of action of beater and grid bars, i.e. coarse and fine cleaning and opening zone.
Cleaning zone-without beater: cleaning action is performed only in this zone without any beater. Though they are optional selection zone but they are essential part in modern blow room line for quality product and trouble free operation. There are three types of point installations in this zone:

Protective cleaning zone-sensitive (Fire and metal) parts separator: in this zone metallic part, big size trash etc is separated from the fiber tufts using imbalance centrifugal and aerodynamic force. If these material flows with tufts to the beating points then damage of beater wire and fire-in occurrence takes place.
Dust cleaning zone-fine part separator: the impurities are removed in the opening and cleaning zone sequentially. But the dust which is trapped within the ffifber tufts cannot be removed. The impact of dust is significantly justified in the report of winding cuts. Ater opening to very small tufts, employing suction pressure the dust particle are removed through the perforated drum. The process by which dust particles are removed is called de-dusting. De-dusting should be after intensive opening and cleaning.
Color material cleaning zone-foreign part separator: the color material except raw material is known as the foreign material. The color materials do not produce any mass variation but color variation in the product and causes financial loss to the end product producer. This type of foreign impurities cannot be removed by the traditional cleaning device but the optical sensors to be employed to detect such type of faults and sudden blow of compressed air remove this impurities-vision shield, magic eye.

4. Mixing zone: we know natural fiber belongs to variation in fiber properties. To produces the yarn with regularity, the variability in fiber properties to be minimized by mixing. Therefore, for homogenization in fiber properties mixing zone is used.

5. Card feed zone: card frame should receive an even and compact feed material. If this condition is not fulfilled then carding performance both in terms of quality and production will be deteriorated. In this zone output of blow room is prepared suitable for card frame.

Conclusion:

During textile manufacturing, the operating zone of the blow room plays a vital role in ensuring that raw fibers are clean, uniform, and suitable for subsequent processing stages. It plays a crucial role in preparing raw fibers for further processing. Impurities are effectively removed from fibers through the use of specialized machinery and equipment, leading to cleaner and more refined fibers. In addition, the operating zone regulates and controls the flow of fibers, ensuring smooth production.

References:

Chowdhury, M. F. (2016). Manual of Short Staple Spinning. Dhaka: Granthanir Prokashoni.
Corbman, D. P. (1983). Textiles Fiber to Fabric. NewYork: Mary McGarry.
Hossain, M. S. (2014). Introduction to Textile Engineering. Dhka: Books Fair Publications.
Kadolph, S. J. (2006). Textiles. New Delhi: Dorling Kindersley India Pvt. Ltd.
Rieter Manual for Spinning, Volume-II