What is Fabric GSM?
Fabric GSM means grams per square meter of fabric. GSM is an important term for preparing fabric consumption. In this article, I will present the fabric GSM calculation formula for woven fabric and the GSM formula for knit fabric. I also present the GSM formula when you don’t have a GSM cutter or an insufficient amount of fabric to cut under a GSM cutter. However, as discussed in this article, the main focus is on the calculation of GSM of fabric without GSM cutter.
In the large garment industry, fabric consumption calculations are done by the Industrial Engineering Department or Production Planning Department. But in the small garment industry, a merchandiser calculates the fabric consumption. To calculate the fabric consumption, you must know how to calculate GSM of fabric. Don’t worry; in this article, I will teach you how to calculate GSM of woven fabric and knitted fabric simply and quickly.
Fabric GSM Calculation Formula for Woven Fabric
GSM formula for woven fabric is given below. This formula will help to estimate the GSM of woven fabric.
Alternative GSM Formula for Woven Fabric
Suppose, you don’t have the GSM cutter or your swatch is an insufficient amount that is not possible to cut under the GSM cutter. Then what you will do???? Don’t worry, we have another formula to calculate GSM of woven fabric without GSM cutter. You can calculate the GSM of fabric by using below GSM formula.
Fabric GSM Calculation with GSM cutter
Exercise: Fabric GSM Calculation of Woven Fabric
Exercise 1: Suppose you got a woven fabric swatch from the buyer. The warp yarn is made up 100% cotton fiber and weft yarn is made up 100% polyester yarn. The EPI (ends per inch) is 80, PPI (picks per inch) is 60, Warp count is 2/100 Ne and weft count is 80 denier. You can consider the warp and weft crimp% is 6% and 8%, respectively. You can also consider the shrinkage at dyeing and finishing is 3% and 8% respectively. Now find the GSM of woven fabric.
Solution:
Here,
- Ends per inch (EPI)= 80
- Picks per inch (PPI)= 60
- Warp count= 2/100
- Weft count= 80 denier
- Warp crimp%= 6%
- Weft crimp%= 8%
- Shrinkage at dyeing= 3%
- Shrinkage at finishing= 8%
- GSM=?
Exercise 2: Find the GSM of woven fabric where EPI is 80 and PPI is 68. Warp yarn count is 2/30s and weft yarn count is 40s. You can consider crimp percentage of warp and weft yarn are 6% and 8% respectively.
Solution:
Here,
- Ends per inch (EPI)= 80
- Picks per inch (PPI)= 68
- Warp count= 2/30
- Weft count= 40
- Warp crimp%= 6%
- Weft crimp%=8%
- GSM=?
Exercise 3: Suppose your factory purchased woven fabric with EPI 80 and PPI 68. Then you test the fabric and find warp yarn count is 2/80 s and weft yarn count is 60 s. Now, Calculate the GSM of woven Fabric by considering both warp and weft yarn crimp% is 4.
Solution:
Here,
- Ends per inch (EPI)= 80
- Picks per inch (PPI)= 68
- Warp count= 2/80
- Weft count= 60
- Warp crimp%= 4%
- Weft crimp%=4%
- GSM=?
Fabric GSM Calculation without GSM Cutter
Exercise 4: Suppose, you get a small amount woven fabric from the buyer which is length is 18 cm and width is 14 cm. Now calculate the GSM of the woven fabric.
Solution:
To calculate woven fabric GSM without GSM cutter, we should follow the below step:
- At first, we cut the sample where the length and width will be 12 cm.
- Now calculate the area of the sample in square cm. Our sample area will be (12×12) cm2= 144 cm2
- Now calculate the weight of the sample, whose area is 144 cm2. We found weight of the sample is 2 gram.
- Now, calculate the GSM of woven fabric by using the GSM formula for woven fabric, which was mentioned before.
GSM Formula for Knitted fabric
GSM of knitted fabric can be calculated by using the below formula. Here, I mentioned GSM formula for knitted fabric with example.
Exercise: GSM Calculation of Knitted Fabric
Exercise 1: If a knitted fabric course per inch (CPI) is 72. Wales per inch (WPI) is 60, loop length is 0.55 mm and yarn count is 40s. Find the GSM of knitted fabric. Consider knitting shrinkage 5%
Solution:
Here,
- Course per inch (CPI)=72
- Wales per inch (WPI)= 60
- Loop length= 0.55 mm
- Yarn count = 40 s
- Knitting shrinkage= 5%
- GSM=?
Exercise 2: A knitted fabric with 30 s combed yarn with 80 CPI and 60 WPI with 0.65 mm loop length is soured for the production process. Calculate the GSM of knitted fabric, if the dimensional shrinkage after knitting is 8% and 3% after dyeing.
Solution:
Here,
- Course per inch (CPI)=80
- Wales per inch (WPI)= 60
- Loop length= 0.65 mm
- Yarn count = 30 s
- Knitting shrinkage= 8%
- Dyeing shrinkage= 3%
- GSM=?
Exercise 3: A knit fabric with 80s count combed yarn with 80 CPI and 70 WPI which 1.05 mm loop length is sourced for the cutting process. Calculate the GSM of knitted fabric if the dimensional shrinkage after knitting is 5% and after dyeing is 3%.
Solution:
Here,
- Course per inch (CPI)=80
- Wales per inch (WPI)= 70
- Loop length= 1.05 mm
- Yarn count = 80 s
- Knitting shrinkage= 5%
- Dyeing shrinkage= 3%
- GSM=?
You may read:
- Apparel Analysis with Example : Easy 7 Steps of Polo Shirt Analysis
- Study on Industrial sewing machines: A Comprehensive Guide to Types and Application in Apparel Manufacturing
- Study on Dynamic Anatomy of Sewing Needle Used in Garments Manufacturing
- Study on the general concepts of different fusing technique to Ignite Your Skill
- Study on the mechanism of lockstitch formation with dynamic Image
- Study on Different Types of Stitches Used in Garments for Unparalleled Craftsmanship
- Study on Trimmings and Accessories: Mastery and Ignite Your garments with Style and Flair
Reference:
- Corbman, B. P. (1987). Textile Fiber to Fabric. Singapore: McGraw Hill Book Co.
- Kadolph, S. J. (2006). Textiles. New Delhi: Pearson Education.
- R. Rathinamoorthy, R. S. (2018). Apparel Merchandising. Chennai: Woodhead Publishing India Pvt. Ltd.
